Selain countable nouns, ada benda-benda yang tidak dapat atau sangat sulit dihitung. Kata-kata-benda yang tergolong ke dalam kategori ini disebut uncountable nouns. Jumlah uncountable nouns cukup banyak, yang dapat dikelompokkan ke dalam benda berbentuk cair, padat (bermakna massa), gas, partikel, benda yang terbuat dari materi-materi sejenis, abstrak, bahasa, bidang ilmu, aktivitas yang dinyatakan dengan gerund, permainan/games, dan nama penyakit. Tabel berikut menyajikan contoh uncountable nouns berdasarkan kategori yang disebutkan di atas.
1. Contoh uncountable nouns
| Berbentuk Cair | ||
| juice (jus) tea (teh) water (air) blood (darah), | ink (tinta) soup (sup) milk (susu) coffee (kopi | beer (bir) oil (minyak) kerosene (minyak tanah) gasoline (bensin), etc |
| Berbentuk Padat | ||
| soap (sabun) bread (roti) butter (mentega) cheese (keju) meat (daging) | gold (emas) iron (besi) silver (perak) steel (baja) glass (kaca) | paper (kertas) wood (kayu) cotton (kapas) wool (wol) ice (es), etc |
| Berbentuk Gas | ||
| steam (uap panas) air (udara) oxygen (oksigen) | nitrogen (nitrogen) helium smoke (asap) | smog (kabut asap) pollution (polusi) etc |
| Berbentuk Partikel | ||
| hair (rambut) rice (nasi, beras) corn (jagung) wheat (gandum) flour (tepung) | dirt (lumpur) grass (rumput) dust (debu) powder (bedak) chalk (kapur) | pepper (merica/lada) salt (garam) sand (pasir) sugar (gula) |
| Benda yang terbuat dari materi-materi sejenis | ||
| furniture (furnitur) food (makanan) fruit (buah) money (uang) cash (uang cash) mail (surat) | baggage (bagasi) luggage (bagasi) garbage (sampah) hardware (piranti keras) clothing (pakaian) makeup (makeup) | equipment (peralatan) jewelry (perhiasan) junk (rongsokan) scenery (pemandangan) traffic (lalulintas) machinery (permesinan) |
| Abstrak | ||
| time (waktu) beauty (kecantikan) confidence (keyakinan) courage (keberanian) education (pendidikan) enjoyment (kesukacitaan) fun (kesenangan) health (kesehatan) help (bantuan) honesty (kejujuran) hospitality (keramahan) importance (pentingnya) intelligence (kecerdasan) justice (keadilan) | advice (nasihat) information news (kabar/berita) evidence (bukti) proof (bukti) knowledge (pengetahuan) luck (keberuntungan) laughter (tawa) music patience (kesabaran) piece (kedamaian) pride (rasa bangga) progress (kemajuan) recreation (rekreasi) | space (ruang angkasa) energy (energi) homework (PR) work (pekerjaan) grammar (tata bahasa) slang (bahasa gaul) vocabulary sleep (tidur) truth (kebenaran) significance (signifikansi) violence (kekerasan) wealth (kekayaan) sadness (kesedihan) dislike (antipati), etc. |
| Bahasa | ||
| English Indonesian Javanese (bahasa Jawa) | Japanese (bahasa Jepang) German Chinese | Spanish (bahasa Spanyol) Arabic etc. |
| Bidang ilmu | ||
| mathematics economics | physics (fisika) chemistry (kimia) | literature psychology, ect |
| Permainan/games | ||
| football soccer (sepakbola) badminton | basketball tennis chess (catur) | bridge poker etc, |
| Aktivitas yang dinyatakan dengan gerund | ||
| advertising (pengiklanan) driving swimming | shopping studying fishing | sleeping traveling marketing, etc |
| Fenomena alam | ||
| weather (cuaca) wind (angin) dew (embun) fog (kabut) rain hail (hujan es) | heat (panas) humidity (kelembaban) lightning (halilintar) snow (salju) thunder (guntur) darkness | light sunshine electricity fire gravity etc |
| Nama penyakit (disease) | ||
| mumps (gondok) measles (gondok) | flu cold (flu) | cancer appendicitis (radang usus buntu) |
2. Penggunaan uncountable nouns
General rules penggunaan uncountable nouns adalah sebagai berikut:
a. Uncountable nouns tidak dapat dipluralkan dengan menambahkan suffix s atau es. INCORRECT jika:
- The teacher gave us a lot of homeworks.
- My mom has put too much salts on the soup. It’s so salty.
b. Jika uncountable noun berfungsi sebagai subject kalimat, verb yang mengikutinya harus dalam bentuk singular. Perlu diperhatikan bahwa beberapa uncountable nouns pada tabel di atas diakhiri dengan huruf s. Uncountable nouns tersebut perlu dihafalkan, agar (misalnya kalau ujian) anda tidak salah karena mengira plural noun.
Contoh:
- Homework has to be done regularly. (PR harus dikerjakan secara reguler).
- Blood is important for transporting oxygen into each cell in our body. (Darah penting untuk mentransport O2 ke dalam tiap sel di dalam tubuh kita).
- News from Jakarta about the increased gasoline price has increased people dislike to the government. (Berita dari Jakarta tentang harga bensin yang dinaikkan telah meningkatkan ketidaksukaan masyarakat kepada pemerintah).
- Physics is studied by all high school students. (Fisika dipelajari oleh semua murid sekolah lanjutan).
c. Determiners yang digunakan untuk menerangkan uncountable nouns antara lain: some, a lot of, any, much, amount of, a little of, less, more, etc. Walaupun diawali dengan determiners, jika uncountable nouns berfungsi sebagai subject kalimat, verbs yang mengikutinya tetap dalam bentuk singular.
Contoh:
- Much more money is needed to reduce poverty in Indonesia. (Jauh lebih banyak uang dibutuhkan untuk mengurangi kemiskinan di Indonesia).
- Some new evidence has been discovered. (Beberapa bukti baru telah ditemukan).
- Heavy traffic during rush hours always makes me stressful. (Lalu lintas yang padat selama jam-jam sibuk selalu membuat saya stress).
d. Uncountable nouns dapat dikuantitatifkan dengan menggunakan takaran atau container tertentu.
Contoh:
- I am so thirsty. I need three big glassesofwater. (Saya begitu haus. Saya butuh 3 gelas besar air).
- Because Didit is so small, he needs to eat ten plates of rice every day. (Karena Didit begitu kecil (badannya), dia perlu makan 10 piring nasi tiap hari).
- Milk is very important for our health. We must drink at least three glasses ofmilk every day. (Susu adalah sangat penting bagi kesehatan kita. Kita mesti minum paling sedikit 3 gelas susu setiap hari).
Note: Yang dipluralkan adalah penakarnya. Pada contoh di atas, kata glass dan plate mengalami pluralisasi, sedangkan uncountable noun-nya tidak berubah.
e. Jika takaran atau containernya plural (lebih dari satu), dan dalam kalimat berfungsi sebagai subject, maka verb atau to be yang mengikutinya juga dalam bentuk plural.
Contoh:
- Three big glasses of water are needed to reduce my thirst. (Tiga gelas besar air dibutuhkan untuk mengurangi rasa haus saya).
- Four glasses of milk were drunk by my brother this morning. (Empat gelas susu diminum oleh kakak saya pagi ini).
- Two plates of rice are not enough for me. (Dua piring nasi tidak cukup buat saya).
- Two trucks of paper have been stolen from the warehouse. (Dua truk kertas telah dicuri dari gudang).
- Two portions of meal always make my breath short. (Dua porsi makanan selalu membuat nafas saya sesak).
3. Perkecualian
a. Uncountable nouns terdiri dari beberapa noun sejenis. Misalnya, fried rice, pizza, spaghetti, etc adalah tergolong dalam food, sedangkan apples, durians, mangoes, etc. tergolong fruit, dan begitu juga untuk uncountable noun lainnya. Untuk menyatakan/menekankan tipe atau perbedaan tipe nouns yang tergolong dalam uncountable noun tertentu, maka uncountable noun tersebut dapat digunakan sebagai countable noun.
Contoh:
- Fried rice is one of my favorite foods. (Nasi goreng adalah salah satu makanan favorit saya).
- For his thesis, he studied meats such as beef, pork, and chicken. (beef = daging sapi, pork = daging babi, chicken = daging ayam).
- Indonesia produces many different fruits, including apples, durians, mangoes, mangosteens, jackfruits, rambutans, and so on. (mangosteen = manggis, jackfruit = nangka).
b. Advertising/advertisement, clothing/cloth
Advertising dan clothing adalah uncountable nouns, sedangkan advertisement dan cloth adalah countable nouns. Jika ingin menyatakan tipe iklan atau tipe pakaian, gunakan advertisement atau cloth.
Contoh:
- Advertising is what he does for living. (Periklanan adalah apa yang dia lakukan untuk hidup/periklanan adalah pekerjaannya).
- Cigarette advertisements are almost everywhere. (Iklan-iklan rokok hampir ada di setiap tempat).
- Clothing is one of the basic needs of human being. (Pakaian adalah salah satu kebutuhan dasar manusia).
- Mr. Warjo, a homeless, doesn’t have enough clothes to wear. (Pak Warjo, seorang tuna wisma, tidak punya cukup pakaian untuk dipakai).
c. Time/times
Kata time dapat uncountable noun dan countable noun. Jika berarti waktu maka kata time adalah uncountable noun. Tetapi jika berarti kali, maka kata time adalah countable noun.
Contoh:
- Although we have spent so much time on this homework, we’re still unable to finish it. (Walaupun kita telah habiskan begitu banyak waktu pada (untuk mengerjakan) PR ini, kita masih belum bisa menyelesaikannya).
- We have already gone to Bali five times. (Kami telah pergi ke Bali 5 kali).
18 comments
iim
January 27, 2011
Hii mr.bhas i got problem in answering these questions from my friend, would you mind explaining me what the word or topic that i must know about these question
1. From 1949 onward, the artist georgia o’keeffe made new mexico…
A. Her permanent residence was
b. Where her permanent residence
c. Permanent residence for her
d. Her permanent residence
2. In . . . . People, the areas of the brain that control speech are located in the left hemisphere
a. Mostly of
b. most
c. Almost the
d. The most of
bytheway correct me if i’m wrong
iim
January 27, 2011
Hmm i guess b for number 1, and d for number 2, but it’s just on my feeling =/
please again for these questions @@~
3. The first translantic telephone cable system was not established . . . . .1956
a. While
b. Until
c. On
d. When
4. Stars shine because of . . . . Produced by the nuclear reactions taking place within them
a. The amount of light and heat is
b. Which the amount of light and heat
c. The amount of light and heat that it is
d. The amount of light and heat
5. . . . . Is not clear to researchers.
A. Why dinosaurs having become extinct
b. why dinosaurs become extinct
c. Did dinosaurs becom extinct
d. Dinosaurs became extinct
thanks before
Swara Bhaskara
January 27, 2011
Hi Iim,
In my opinion, the best answers for the above questions are:
1. D
2. B
3. B
4. D
5. B
iim
January 27, 2011
i really want to know why you choose them as the right answer, please
i really want to understand
iim
January 28, 2011
In the no.1, Why did you choose the answer that didnt have conjuntion beetwen nouns,,
then no.2 why did you choose “most” without determiner “the” as the right answer mr. ??
( but please i need you to give me some reasons about them ..
Aaaa i’m so confused by these questions however do want to know ..I’m sorry if i’m too noise, i dont know to whom else i must ask about my bad english
Swara Bhaskara
January 28, 2011
Hi Iim,
Mostly, the best answer is determined by its most correct structure, and sometimes by its context, conciseness, or style.
1. From 1949 onward, the artist Georgia O’Keeffe made New Mexico her permanent residence. (Dari tahun 1949 seterusnya, artis Georgia O’Keeffe menetapkan New Mexico (sebagai) tempat tinggalnya yang permanen). This sentence follows a pattern of M-S-V-O-O. Verbs like make, judge, select, name, consider, choose, and elect can take two objects, but a preposition is usually not needed between the two objects.
We elected SBY the Indonesian president.
I have considered Kendari my hometown.
Should we name Gayus Tambunan the actor of the year?
Besides a noun phrase, a noun clause can also be used as an object, isn’t it? Options B would be grammatically correct (but clumsier and less concise than option D) if it were “where her permanent residence was”.
Option C would be acceptable if the pronoun her is replaced by herself.
2. In most people, the areas of the brain that control speech are located in the left hemisphere. (Pada kebanyakan orang, bagian-bagian otak yang mengontrol/mengatur percakapan terletak di belahan/bagian (otak) bagian kiri.
Other possible related expressions are:
Mostly, in people, ….
In almost all people, …
3. The first transatlantic telephone cable system was not established until 1956. (Sistem kabel telpon transatlantik (menyeberangai samudra Atlantik) tidak dibangun sebelum tahun 1956. In other words, “Sistem kabel telpon transatlantik baru dibangun pada tahun 1956”). Optin C would be correct if the preposition on were in. Ovoid using either when or while if directly followed by a year (1956, 1945, 1990, etc).
4. Stars shine because of the amount of light and heat produced by the nuclear reactions taking place within them. (Bintang-bintang bersinar karena jumlah cahaya dan panas yang dihasilkan oleh reaksi-reaksi nuklir/inti yang terjadi di dalam bintang-bintang tersebut).
Because of is followed by a noun or noun phrase as in option D. Option C would be correct if it were “the amount of light and heat that are”
5. Why dinosaurs become extinct is not clear to researchers. (Kenapa dinosaurus menjadi punah (masih) tidak jelas bagi para peneliti).
“Why dinosaurs become extinct” is an embedded question. Option A would be also possible if it were “Why dinosaurs have become extinct”.
iim
January 28, 2011
Related to number one, is it correct if i write like this: can anyone help my sister to choose a good boy her boyfriend
preposition as is not needed between them, isnt it mr. ?
Swara Bhaskara
January 30, 2011
In your examples, I think it’s better to add preposition for between the two objects.
Can anyone help my sister to choose a good boy for her boyfriend.
evioren
June 10, 2011
sore Pak,,
pak saya mau nanya penjelasan pertanyaan yang diatas yang nomor
4. Stars shine because of . . . . Produced by the nuclear reactions taking place within them
a. The amount of light and heat is
b. Which the amount of light and heat
c. The amount of light and heat that it is
d. The amount of light and heat
bukannya itu jawabannya yang a. The amount of light and heat is yah Sir??
menurut saya itu kalimat pasif,yang bentuknya S + TOBE + V3,maaf yah Sir kalau saya berbeda pendapat,,terimakasih Sir.
Swara Bhaskara
June 10, 2011
Hi Evioren,
Great rebuttal.
But, kalau opsi A yang dipilih, kalimatnya akan menjadi sbb:
Stars shine because of the amount of light and heat is produced by the nuclear reactions taking place within them. (Bintang-bintang bersinar karena jumlah cahaya dan panas dihasilkan oleh reaksi-reaksi nuklir/inti yang terjadi di dalam bintang-bintang tersebut).
Perhatikan perbedaan artinya. And most importantly, preposition OF harus dihilangkan agar grammatically correct.
NOTE:
BECAUSE + CLAUSE
BECAUSE OF + PHRASE or BECAUSE OF + NOUN/PRONOUN
Selain itu, article THE perlu diganti dengan AN agar kalimatnya lebih nyambung.
Stars shine because an amount of light and heat is produced by the nuclear reactions taking place within them. (Bintang-bintang bersinar karena sejumlah cahaya dan panas dihasilkan oleh reaksi-reaksi nuklir/inti yang terjadi di dalam bintang-bintang tersebut).
Silakan dicek apakah teorinya memang begitu (seperti translasi saya) adanya? Kayaknya, teorinya adalah seperti opsi D.
evioren
June 11, 2011
oh,terimakasih Mr yang baik hati

saya jadi mengerti
Mr,saya boleh nanya lagi yah
terimakasih Mr
1. Some . . . will be invited to her birthday party.
a. her friend
b. her friends
c. friends of her
d. friends of hers
2. English grammar is not half . . . you think it is.
a. the difficult as
b. as difficult like
c. as difficult as
d. as difficult than
3. Is the boss having his older . . . as soon as possible?
a. do
b. doing
c. did
d. done
4. When i called him, nobody answered. He . . .
a. sleep likely dead slept
b. sleep dead slept likely
c. slept likely dead sleep
d. likely slept dead sleep
5. The true reality of this country often . . . from that in newspapers or on the official report.
a. differ
b. differs
c. different
d. difference
6. She gave away all the school books she . . .
a. didn’t need longer
b. needed no longer
c. no longer needed
d. no needed longer
7. Mr.Crane is lying in bed. His leg is broken.
Mr.Crane was . . .
a. that is breaking his leg is lying in bed
b. who is breaking his leg is lying in bed
c. broken leg is lying in bed
d. whose leg is broken is lying in bed
8. Many people (know) that (smoke) is (bad for their health) and (yet they still smoke).
9. Our teacher (often advises us) (to be not ashamed) to speak English (whenever and wherever) (we are).
10. (In doing) what (we ought to do) we (reserve) no praise, because (it is) our duty.
thank you Sir
Swara Bhaskara
June 12, 2011
Hi Evioren,
First of all, tolong double check:
no 3: older or ORDER?;
no. 7. ada WAS atau tidak; kayaknya, WAS tidak diperlukan;
no. 10 reserve or DESERVE?
This time I’m not gonna give you fish, but a fishing rod, instead.
1. Pronouns
2. Equal Comparisons
3. Causataive Verbs
4. Likely
5. Subject-Verb Agreement. Setelah itu, tinggal kita tentukan mana dari ke-4 option tersebut adalah verb.
6. No longer adalah adverb, seperti halnya always, seldom, often, dst.
S + NO LONGER + VERB
S + BE + NO LONGER + ADJECTIVE/NOUN/PRONOUN
7. Penggunaan Who, Whom dan Whose
8. Penggunaan Gerunds
9. Penggunaan Infinitives
10.
angelinhere86
June 12, 2011
Dear Mr S.
Let me try :
1. C
Reason : A& B need conjuction such : of, D : her didn’t need to add any “S” on it
2. C
Reason :comparison usually, begin with as … as.. Hehe
3. D
Since it is a passive sentences, so we must added Verb 3 ??
4. C (hard to explain and express my reason in a sentences sorry)
5. B
Reason : we should added blank with verb, since the true reality is prural so we should added S in differs ?? Diferent is noun, and difference is adj,
6.A
7.D
8. Many people knows that smoking is bad for their health
trimawiasa
June 12, 2011
Number 6. A. use negative form past tense
7. D
trimawiasa
June 12, 2011
8. Many people (know) that (smoking) is (bad for their health) and (yet they still smoke)
Smoke here is not true, before uauxiliary “is” must be subject or noun, so “smoke” is changed as “smoking”
igor castro
June 22, 2011
1.C
2.A
3.A
4.C
5.B
6.A/C
7.D
8.Many people KNOW that SMOKING is bad for their health and yet they still smoke
9.Our teacher often advises us NOT to be ashamed to speak English whenever and wherever we are
Swara Bhaskara
June 23, 2011
Hi Evioren,
Where are you? We’re all still awaiting for you here.
Shelviany
January 15, 2012
Sir, yang mana kuantitasnya paling banyak? Tolong diurutkan.
much,little, a little, any, a lot of, some and few