Simple Present Tense vs Present Continuous Tense
Terkadang kita ragu dalam menentukan apakah kita harus gunakan simple present tense atau present continuous tense. Jika anda memiliki keraguan ini, pertama-tama silakan review kembali penggunaan simple present tense dan present continuous tense.
So, penggunaan kedua tensis ini dapat disimpulkan sebagai berikut:
| Simple present tense | Present continuous tense | |
| Usages |
1. Untuk menyatakan habitual action 2. Untuk menyatakan regular happening 3. Untuk menyatakan teori. 4. Untuk menyatakan fakta saat sekarang |
1. Untuk menyatakan bahwa aktivitas atau kejadian SEDANG dilakukan atau SEDANG berlangsung pada saat dibicarakan. |
| Modifier of time | Now, everyday, every week, every month, every year, once a week, once in two weeks, twice a week, daily, weekly, monthly, yearly, dst | Now, at the moment |
| Adverbs of frequency | Always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, dst. | - |
| Examples |
1. He jogs every day.
2. The full moon comes once in 30 days.
3. We all need oxygen to live.
4. She is a nice person.
5. She looks beautiful in her newly bought dress.
|
1. He is jogging now.
2. The full moon is slowly rising in the east at the moment.
3. He is taking a deep breath.
4. She is being nice to me. 5. She is looking for her newly bought dress. |
Dari tabel di atas, perbedaan yang paling mendasar dari kedua tensis ini adalah:
1. Verb dalam simple present tense hanya menggambarkan aktivitas atau kejadian yang berulang, atau rutinitas yang telah terjadi/dilakukan oleh subject kalimat dari dulu sampai sekarang, besok, dan mungkin sampai seterusnya. (Hal ini sudah dibahas secara detail di simple present vs past tense). Sebaliknya, dalam present continuous tense, verb tersebut sedang in action atau in progress (sedang terjadi atau sedang dilakukan oleh subject kalimat).
Tambah bingung? Well, sekarang begini:
Kesan apa yang ada di pikiran kita ketika kita bertanya : “Kamu biasanya ngapain malam Minggu?”
Kemudian, kesan apa yang ada di pikiran kita ketika kita bilang :”Malam Minggu aku biasanya nonton TV di rumah”, “Aku ketemu pacarku tiap malam Minggu”, “Aku kadang-kadang nengok temen-temen”, dst? Kalimat-kalimat yang memiliki kesan seperti ini dalam bahasa Ingris kita nyatakan dengan simple present tense.
- What do you usually do on Saturday night?
- I usually watch TV at home on Saturday night.
- I meet my girlfriend every Saturday night.
- Sometimes I visit my friends. dst
Sebaliknya, kesan apa yang ada di pikiran kita ketika kita bertanya: “Kamu lagi (sedang) ngapain?”.
Kemudian, kesan apa yang ada di pikiran kita ketika kita bilang : “Aku sedang nonton TV”, “Aku lagi baca koran neh”, “Aku lagi nulis cerpen”, dst? Kalimat-kalimat yang memiliki kesan seperti ini dalam bahasa Ingris kita nyatakan dengan present continuous tense.
- What are you doing?
- I am watching TV.
- I am reading newspapers.
- I am writing a short story. dst
2. Stative verbs tidak pernah digunakan dalam present continuous tense, dan tensis-tensis progressive lainnya. Why? Karena sative verbs bersifat pasif, hanya menyatakan (stating) fakta: apa yang ada di otak (pikiran), apa yang dirasakan, dan apa yang ditangkap panca indera. Verbs ini tidak aktif melakukan aksi. (Kata-kata yang tergolong stative verbs dapat dilihat di topik simple present tense).
Misalnya: hear (pasif : mendengar) vs listen (aktif: mendengarkan).
- I sometimes hear bad gossips about her. (pasif)
- I sometimes listen to this song. (aktif)
- I am listening to the song now. INCORRECT jika : I am hearing to the song now.
Yang perlu diperhatikan adalah beberapa stative verbs tersebut juga merupakan verbs yang aktif melakukan aksi. Misalnya:
| Pasif | Aktif |
|
think (fikir/kira)
look (tampak/terlihat)
smell (tercium/baunya)
taste (terasa)
feel (terasa/merasa) |
think (memikirkan)
look (melihat)
smell (menciumi)
taste (merasakan/mencicipi)
feel (merasakan) |
Contoh:
- I think you will understand the difference between the simple present tense and the present continuous tense soon. (pasif)
- I am confused and I am still thinking of how to differentiate between the simple present tense and the present continuous tense now. (aktif)
- She looks beautiful in her new dress. (pasif)
- She is looking for her new dress hurriedly. (aktif)
- The jasmine smells very fragrant. (pasif)
- She is smelling the jasmine passionately. (aktif)
- The food tastes good. (pasif)
- The chef is tasting the food he is cooking. (aktif)
- The silk feels so soft. (pasif)
- I am feeling the softness of the silk. (aktif)
3. Sebagian besar stative verbs (khususnya yang terkait dengan panca indera) adalah juga linking verbs atau copulatives verbs. Linking verbs (termasuk to be: is, am, are, was, were, be, been) diikuti oleh adjectives (bukan oleh adverbs), dan adjectives ini menerangkan subject kalimat. Di sini, linking verbs hanya berfungsi menjembatani adjectives dengan subject, bersifat pasif, dan tidak aktif melakukan aksi. Dan seperti halnya stative verbs, linking verbs tidak digunakan dalam present continuous tense, dan tensis-tensis progressive lainnya.
Contoh:
- She is smart, beautiful, and kind.
- John looks very nervous when girls approach him.
- This fried rice tastes delicious.
- Andre always gets mad every time we talk about his being rejected by girls.
- Adam’s apple becomes obvious when boys reach 17, doesn’t it?
- Don’t panic! Please stay calm!
- I want you to remain silent.
- I love the sound of Balinese gamelan. It sounds great.
- She seems very happy.
- Most people appear relaxed after vacation.
Note: Semua verb yang dicetak tebal adalah linking/copulative verb dan diikuti oleh adjective (bukan oleh adverb).
She is being nice to me? Benarkah kalimat ini? Bukankah sebaiknya ditulis : “She is nice to me”?
Kedua kalimat ini memiliki makna yang berbeda. Pada kalimat pertama, subject she aktif berupaya agar tampak “‘nice/baik hati” di mata “me” atau agar object “me” merasa senang. Upaya itu SEDANG dilakukan oleh she pada saat kalimat ini diucapkan.
She has disliked me since we were kids. She always says bad things about me. She’s always mean to me. I don’t understand why she is treating me as if I were a prince now. I guess she is just being nice to me.
Sebaliknya, kalimat kedua lebih menyatakan pada fakta/ kesan “nice” yang ada pada she terhadap me. Kesan “nice” ini ada sejak waktu tertentu di masa lampau, sampai sekarang dan mungkin sampai seterusnya.
We have been friends since we were kids. She always says good things about me. She’s always treat me well. She is always nice to me. She is the best. I hope we’re friends forever.
Kesimpulan
1. Gunakan simple present tense jika kita membicarakan habitual actions, regular happening, theories, dan facts. Sebaliknya, gunakan present continuous tense jika ingin menyatakan bahwa aktivitas sedang dilakukan atau kejadian sedang terjadi/berlangsung.
2. Jangan gunakan present continuous tense jika verb-nya bersifat pasif (i.e. stative verbs dan linking verbs).
Now it’s time to practice what we just learned here. Are you ready? If so, please click the following link: Practice test 6 : Simple Present tense vs Present Continuous.
8 Responses to “Simple Present Tense vs Present Continuous Tense”
Adjective Clause Adjectives Common Irregular Verbs comparisons Complex Sentences Conditionals conjunctions Contoh soal Conversations Countable Nouns determiners gerunds if clause Indefinite Quantity of Nouns indirect speech Infinitive Infinitives Kalimat pengandaian dalam bahasa Inggris kalimat perbandingan kata depan kata kerja komponen kalimat Modifier (Keterangan) None Noun Clauses nouns Nouns (Part 1) object Object Kalimat (Complement) Past Continuous (Progressive) Tense Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense Past Perfect Tense plural Practice prepositions Present Perfect Continuous (Progressive) Tense Present Perfect Tense present tense pronouns Relative pronouns Simple Past Tense Simple Present Tense singular subject subject-verb agreement Subject kalimat Tensis Uncountable Nouns unreal conditionals Verbs
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what should i say…
this is so smart … no..no.. this is verry smart …
salamualaikum pak Bhaskara, i am a new member in this “university”, i think…!
i’m starting love the english when i know about ‘pronunciation’ in bbc.com. i’m feelling great when i read the word of ‘what’ is ‘whoat’ out on my mouth. what do you think?…
i just wanna/want usul, how if in your university, you give us lesson about the ‘pronunciation’.
maafin bahasa inggrisnya ya pak…, makasih … wasssalam….
Hello, new comer! How are you? Thanks for your suggestion. I had the plan to include how to pronounce certain words but it will not happen near in the future. Right now I am still focusing on making this blog a content rich blog. For the time being, if you’d like to know how a certain word should be pronounced, you can visit dictionary.com. The link is on your right screen.
By the way, if you started to love English because of “WHOAT”, I started to love English because of “BLAADI”.
It’s a pleasure to know you.
Pada kalimat I sometimes listen to this song,apakah kita bisa langsung menuliskan I sometimes listen this song tanpa menambahkan kata to
Good question Alhidayat.
Jika diikuti oleh noun (misalnya: this song, your voice, music, dst.) selalu gunakan kata depan TO setelah listen.
I am listening to this song now.
I am listening to your voice.
I like listening to music.
Tetapi jika tidak diikuti oleh noun, TO bisa dihilangkan.
Keep speaking! I am listening.
Listen !
Benarkah kalimat: “Sebenarnya saya merasa malu tidak pernah bisa untuk menguasai bahasa Inggris” seperti ini dalam bahasa inggrisnya: Trully I feel abashed never can speak english?
Mohon penjelasannya!
Hampir benar. Problemnya ada di: …..abashed never can speak….. Problem ini disebabkan oleh kalimat bahasa Indonya yang kekurangan komponen kalimat . Kalau ditulis begini:
“Sebenarnya saya merasa malu karena saya tidak bisa menguasai bahasa Inggris”
Saya yakin kalimat Englishnya akan perfect. So, kalimat in English dengan makna sama dengan kalimat Indonesia yang telah direvisi tadi antara lain:
Truly I feel abashed for not being able to understand English well.
Truly I feel abashed because I can’t understand English well.
Truly I feel abashed due to my incapability of understanding English well.
Ok thanks, next time I will try for better..
My pleasure.