16 Tensis dalam Bahasa Inggris
May 18th, 2009 | 
Author: Pengungkapan suatu kejadian/aktivitas atau fakta baik melalui tulisan (writing) maupun percakapan (speaking) pada umumnya mengikuti pola sebagai berikut:
| Subject + Verb/Predicate + Object + Modifier |
Dalam bahasa Inggris, pengungkapan kejadian/aktivitas atau fakta tersebut selalu berpatokan pada tensis. Dengan tensis, pembaca atau pendengar akan mengetahui kapan kejadian/aktivitas atau fakta tersebut terjadi; Apakah sedang berlangsung pada saat sekarang (present continuous tense), apakah terjadi di masa lampau (past tense), apakah sedang berlangsung di masa lampau (past continuous tense), apakah akan terjadi di masa yang akan datang (future tense), dan seterusnya.
Ada 16 tensis dalam bahasa Inggris, yaitu:
- Simple present tense
- Present continuous tense
- Simple past tense
- Past continuous tense
- Present perfect tense
- Present perfect continuous tense
- Past perfect tense
- Past perfect continuous tense
- Simple future tense
- Future continuous tense
- Future perfect tense
- Future perfect continuous tense
- Past future tense
- Past future continuous tense
- Past future perfect tense
- Past future perfect continuous tense
Pada tabel di bawah secara berturut-turut diberikan contoh untuk tiap-tiap tensis. Perhatikan perubahan verb atau verb phrase seiring dengan berubahnya keterangan waktu.
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Subject | Verb/Predicate | Object | Modifier |
| 1 | We | study | English | everyday. |
| 2 | We | are studying | English | now. |
| 3 | We | studied | English | last night. |
| 4 | We | were studying | English | when she came last night. |
| 5 | We | have studied | English | for 3 hours. |
| 6 | We | have been studying | English | for 3 hours. |
| 7 | We | had studied | English | for 3 hours when she came last night. |
| 8 | We | had been studying | English | for 3 hours when she came last night. |
| 9 | We | will study | English | tomorrow. |
| 10 | We | will be studying | English | when she comes tomorrow. |
| 11 | We | will have studied | English | for 3 hours when she comes tomorrow. |
| 12 | We | will have been studying | English | for 3 hours when she comes tomorrow. |
| 13 | We | would study | English | when she came last night. |
| 14 | We | would be studying | English | when she came last night. |
| 15 | We | would have studied | English | for 3 hours when she came last night. |
| 16 | We | would have been studying | English | for 3 hours when she came last night. |
Note: Khusus untuk contoh 5&6, 7&8, 11&12, dan 15&16 keterangan waktunya sama. Kenapa? Mari kita bahas tiap tensis satu per satu.
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Tags: 28 Responses to “16 Tensis dalam Bahasa Inggris”
Adjective Clause adjective clauses Adjectives as...as as well as Common Irregular Verbs comparisons Conditionals conjunctions Contoh soal Conversations determiners gerunds get gotta if clause indirect speech Infinitives Kalimat pengandaian dalam bahasa Inggris kalimat perbandingan kata depan kata kerja komponen kalimat Modifier (Keterangan) None Noun Clauses nouns object Object Kalimat (Complement) Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense Past Perfect Tense plural Practice prepositional phrase prepositions Present Perfect Continuous (Progressive) Tense Present Perfect Tense present tense pronouns Relative pronouns Simple Past Tense Simple Present Tense singular subject subject-verb agreement Subject kalimat Tensis the same...as unreal conditionals Verbs
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Selamat Pagi Pak
Maaf saya ada usulan nih, mungkin nantinya pelajaran kita ini dilengkapi dengan perbedaan pemakaian kata misal nya apa beda pemakaian “OF” dan “FROM” dalam suatu kalimat dll nya.
Terima kasih
H.Ahmad Fannany
Thanks for your suggestion pak H. Ahmad. As for “of” and “from”, they will be included in section Prepositions.
thank’s for this web…
that’s great…
very nice..
i’m often confused,because the teacher in my class are faster..
i mean they ways to teach us..
but,i’m not afraid again now….
You’re welcome Mentari.
Thanks for your compliment.
Teachers are obligated to finish all materials outlined in their syllabus. Therefore, they teach fast. And, we hope this blog could cover any confusions or could supplement any left over not being discussed in class.
By the way, what grade are you at now? Your English is great.
Small corrections for your writing are:
..because the teacher in my class IS fast. I mean the way he teaches us….Or
..because the teachers in my class are fast. I mean the way they teach us. Or
..because the teachers in my class are faster than Mr. X. etc.
Materi tentang adjective clause dimana ya?
Ketiga link berikut membahas cara membuat adjective clause:
1. Penggunaan WHO, WHOM, dan WHOSE.
2. Penggunaan WHICH.
3. Perbedaan noun clause dan adjective clause.
thanks for your answer.
saya pertanyaan satu lagi Conditional sentence merupakan kalimat pengandaian seandainya kita dituntut membuat FAKTANYA bentuk kalimatnya ada perubahan atau tidak
Ada 2 tipe kalimat pengandaian, yaitu real conditional (atau disebut juga possible future atau factual conditional) dan unreal conditional (atau contrary to fact conditional).
A. REAL CONDITIONAL lebih menekankan pada KEMUNGKINAN yang AKAN dilakukan atau akan terjadi di masa mendatang, dan KEMUNGKINAN yang akan dilakukan/terjadi ini ditentukan oleh terpenuhi tidak-nya aktivitas yang disebutkan dalam if clause. Dalam real conditional, if clause dinyatakan dengan simple present tense, sedangkan main clause-nya umumnya dinyatakan dengan simple future tense, dan kadang-kadang dalam simple present tense (jika berupa habitual actioan dan kalimat perintah).
Contoh:
1. If I finish my assignment before 7 p.m tonight, I will watch the 2012. On the other hand, if I don’t finish my assignment before 7 p.m tonight, I will not watch the 2012.
2. If that teacher is happy, he is very kind.
3. If you don’t mind, please help me!
Apa fakta dari ketiga kalimat di atas?
Well, kalimat 1 faktanya belum terjadi (future possible) tetapi: I hope I can FINISH my assignment before 7 p.m tonight so that I can watch the 2012.
Fakta kalimat 2, That teacher is very kind when he is happy. Lantas, bagaimana kalau dia lagi gak happy? When he is unhappy, he is a killer (kejam)
Fakta kalimat 3 juga bermakna possible future. I will get help from you if you don’t mind. Sebaliknya, I will NOT get help from you if you mind (keberatan).
Jadi, tensis yang digunakan untuk menyatakan fakta dari real conditional hanyalah simple present tense dan simple future tense. Silakan baca detailnya di link berikut: Real Conditionals.
B. UNREAL CONDITIONAL selalu bertolak belakang dengan FAKTA. Jika conditionalnya menggunakan pola berikut:
If + S + verb2, S + would/could/might + verb1, maka fakta if clause-nya adalah dalam simple present tense sedangkan main clause-nya adalah dalam simple future tense (S + will/can/may + verb1) atau dalam simple present tense (S + verb1). Dan jika conditionalnya dalam kalimat positif, maka faktanya dalam kalimat negatif, sebaliknya jika conditionalnya dalam kalimat negatif maka faktanya dalam kalimat positif
If I had a car now, I would drive it to Bali.
Faktanya: I DON’T HAVE a car now, and that’s why, I WILL NOT drive a car to Bali (now).
If I were in Bali now, I would sunbath at Kuta Beach.
Faktanya: I am not in Bali now, so I don’t sunbath at Kuta Beach.
Jika conditionalnya menggunakan pola berikut:
If + S + had verb3, S + would/could/might/should + have verb3, maka fakta if clause-nya adalah dalam simple past tense sedangkan main clause-nya adalah dalam past future tense (S + would/could/might/ + verb1) atau dalam simple past tense (S + verb2).
If I hadn’t finished my assignment before 7 p.m last night, I couldn’t have watched the 2012.
Faktanya: I FINISHED my assignment before 7 p.m last night, so I could watch the 2012.
Silakan baca detailnya di link berikut: Unreal Conditionals
Kemudian coba kerjakan practice 7: Contoh Soal Kalimat Pengandaian.
thank for the answer ni ada pertanyaan baru semalam saya belajar bahasa INGGRIS buat tes STAN terus ada pembahasannya tapi kok beda beda ada yang bilang kalau WOULD RATHER itu harus diikuti INFINITIVE WITHOUT TO tapi ada yang nulis rumus S+WOULD RATHER+O+V3 yang mana yang bener thank a lot
WOULD RATHER = PREFER (lebih suka)
Pola-pola penggunaan WOULD RATHER antara lain:
1. S + WOULD RATHER + VERB1
2. s + WOULD RATHER + BE + ADJECTIVE/NOUN
3. S + WOULD RATHER + BE + VERB3
4. S + WOULD RATHER + HAVE + VERB3
5. S + WOULD RATHER + THAT + S + VERB1
6. S + WOULD RATHER + THAT + S + VERB2
6. S + WOULD RATHER + THAT + S + HAD + VERB3
Dengan catatan: jika dua hal yang dibandingkan disebutkan dalam kalimat, maka digunakan kata THAN.
Contoh dari masing-masing pola di atas:
1. They would rather watch movie than study English.
2. I would rather be poor but kind than rich but evil.
3. The drug edict would rather be given the pill that he always consumes.
4. Maria would rather have stayed home than have gone to the shopping mall yesterday. (Maria pergi ke mall kemarin. Namun demikian, dia sebenarnya lebih suka tinggal di rumah kemarin ketimbang ke mall).
5. Budi would rather that you call him tonight.
6. Susie would rather that her boyfriend studied at the same university. (contrary to fact. Susie dan pacarnya tidak kuliah di universitas yang sama. Sebenarnya, Susie lebih suka jika pacarnya kuliah di universitas yang sama dengannya).
7. Maria would rather that she had stayed home yesterday. (Versi lain dari contoh no 4. Contrary to fact. Maria lebih suka jika dia tinggal di rumah kemarin).
Dari pola-pola di atas, kita lihat bahwa infinitive tidak digunakan untuk mengikuti would rather. Mungkin si penulis kalimat yang anda baca terbawa oleh pola penggunaan WOULD LIKE, yaitu:
S + WOULD LIKE + INFINITIVE
Contoh:
She would like to borrow some money from me.
I would like to tell you that I love you.
Atau kalimatnya mirip dengan kalimat berikut?
Besides PREFER, you can use WOULD RATHER to express your preferences. (Selain (kata) prefer, kamu dapat menggunakan (expresi) would rather untuk mengekspresikan hal yang lebih disukai). Kalimat ini CORRECT.
Atau, please tuliskan contoh kalimat “would rather + infinitive” yang anda baca agar kita dapat menentukan apakah kalimat tersebut benar atau salah.
Thank you.
sudah paham jadi yang dimaksud penulis pembahasan itu mungkin V1 tapi dia nulisnya infinitive without to kan sama saja dengan V1 terima kasih
Yes.
But, tolong posting contoh kalimat yang menggunakan pola berikut:
S+WOULD RATHER+O+V3,
karena pola ini bukan salah satu dari pola yang saya sebutkan di atas. Kalau kalimatnya benar,saya akan tambahkan pola ini di replay tersebut. Thank you.
slamat malam pak…
tolong jelasin tentang participle, pluperfect, progressive (dan entah yang lainnya…)..? apa masih termasuk dari ke-16 tenses di atas…
terus.. pada tabel conto untuk future, bukankah I dan We itu harus pake shall…?
jelasinnya yang ringan ya pak.. (ma’lum pemula)
terimakasih.
1. Participle di blog ini sama dengan verb3 (biar gampang mengingatnya). Participle digunakan dalam kalimat perfect tense, dalam kalimat pasif, dan digunakan sebagai adjectives.
Dalam perfect tense, participle selalu diawali dengan auxiliary (have/has, had, will have, would have), seperti terlihat dalam pola-pola berikut:
have/has + verb3 (present perfect tense)
had + verb3 (past perfect tense)
will + have + verb3 (future perfect tense)
would + have + verb3 (past future perfect tense).
Dalam kalimat pasif, participle selalu diawali oleh to be. Bentuk to be yang digunakan selalu disesuaikan dengan tensis dari kalimat bersangkutan. Pola-pola dan contoh-contoh kalimat pasif dapat dibaca pada link berikut:
Sebagai adjective, participle dapat diawali oleh to be (is/am/are, was/were, be, been, stative verb, linking verb), seperti terlihat dalam pola-pola berikut:
is/am/are + verb3 atau stative/linking verb1 + verb3 (simple present tense)
was/were + verb3 atau stative/linking verb2 + verb3 (simple past tense)
will be + verb3 atau will + stative/linking verb1 + verb3 (simple future tense)
would be + verb3 atau will + stative/linking verb2 + verb3 (past future tense)
will have been + verb3 atau will have + stative/linking verb3 + verb3 (future perfect tense)
would have been +verb3 atau will have + sative/linking verb3 (past future perfect tense)
2. Progressive adalah sama dengan continuous. Simple present continuous tense sama dengan simple present progressive tense, past continuous = past progressive, present perfect continuous = present perfect progressive, past perfect continuous = past perfect progressive, future continuous = future progressive, dan seterusnya.
Pola-pola kalimatnya adalah sebagai berikut:
is/am/are + verb-ing (present progressive)
was/were + verb-ing (past progressive)
have/has + been + verb-ing (present perfect progressive)
had + been + verb-ing (past perfect progressive)
will + be + verb-ing (future progressive)
would + be + verb-ing ( past future progressive)
will + have + been + verb-ing ( future perfect progressive)
would + have + been + verb-ing (past future perfect progressive)
Untuk contoh-contoh kalimatnya, silakan klik link dari masing-masing tensis di atas.
3. Auxiliary SHALL sudah sangat jarang digunakan khususnya di America. Dan dalam test TOEFL pun tidak pernah ditanyakan penggunaan SHALL. So, untuk kalimat-kalimat bermakna future tense, kita gunakan saja WILL walaupun subjectnya I atau we. Hal ini menguntungkan kita karena kita lebih sedikit menghafalkan pola.
Slmt mlm mas bhaskara,saya mau tanya apa sih perbdaan antara infinitive dan gerund dan bgmaina pnggunaannya
Selamat malam juga, Mas Alhidayat. How are you?
Infinitives adalah “to + verb1″, misalnya: to go, to study, to play, dst. Infinitives umumnya mengikuti verb lainnya, seperti: want, need, plan (merencanakan), dst.
Contoh kalimatnya:
I want to go now.
She needs to study.
They planned to play badminton yesterday.
Kata-kata kerja yang biasanya diikuti oleh infinitives beserta contoh kalimatnya dapat dibaca di topik : Penggunaan Infinitives.
Gerund adalah “verb-ing” (misalnya: confess (mengakui), regret (menyesali) dst, yang difungsikan sebagai noun.
Contoh kalimatnya:
Amurka confessed of stealing my book.
Suriyanti regreted loving him.
List kata kerja yang diikuti oleh gerund dapat dibaca di topik: Penggunaan Gerunds.
Kadang-kadang kita ragu menentukan apakah verb tersebut harus ditulis dalam bentuk infinitives atau gerunds. Trik dalam menentukannya telah didiskusikan pada link di atas.
Slmt malam mas,,saya masih bingung dgn penggunaan kata “get” tlong pnjlasannya..
Maaf, responnya agak kelamaan.
Tanggapan terhadap pertanyaan mas Alhidayat telah diposting di topik : Penggunaan GET, GOT, GOT/GOTTEN. Silakan click linknya. Jika posting tersebut belum menjawab pertanyaan di atas, kita akan diskusikan diposting tersebut. Thank you.
pusing….
Sabar dan pertahankan motivasi (komitmen) untuk bisa.
Start dari simple present tense. Pahami pola dan penggunaanya. Setelah itu, barulah beralih ke simple past tense dan simple future tense. Yang berbeda hanyalah verbnya, seperti pada contoh berikut:
I play chess everyday (Aku main catur tiap hari, Simple present tense.
I played chess yesterday (Aku main catur kemarin) Simple past tense.
I will play chess after I finish writing this reply. (Aku akan main catur setelah aku selesai menulis tanggapan ini). Simple future tense.
And, bagian yang bikin pusing sebaiknya didiskusikan.
Sugeng Tepang Mas,
Matur nuwun sanget mas Bas…
trit ingkang sae sanget meniko…
Suwun
Gleg….!!
Wow..awesome site. Thanks a lot bro.
i’ve found what i need for along time ago. (please correct me if my sentence is wrong)
and please always teach us and keep your spirit.
Regards
Thanks to you too, Immedio.
I’d like you to look at the following underlined part,
I’ve found what I need for along time ago.
1. need in simple present tense sounds awkward here. It’s better in present perfect tense.
2. Omit ago when you use for.
3. If you prefer to use the ago, change the for to since.
I’ve found what I’ve needed for a long time.
I’ve found what I’ve needed since a long time ago.
And here is my favorite example,
I’ve found the true love I’ve been looking for.
Again, thanks so much for your nice reply my brother. It really makes me proud and fires my spirit to learn english much more. FYI, i was just a senior high school graduated, not an university graduated. I also never followed an english course or something like that. So i never had confidence about my english. I have just spirit and a dream to be good person in english (speaking, writing, etc. is it possible for me to be able fluent in english? i hope you would be plese always teach and guide me.
i would be grateful too if you don’t mind to response my comment here: Practice test 1: Where to Start.
Again, so sorry and don’t laugh at my english
Again, thanks so much for your nice reply, my brother. It really makes me proud and fires my spirit to learn English much more. FYI, I am just a senior high school graduate, not a university graduate. I have also never attended an English course or something like that. So I have never had confidence about my English. I have just a spirit and a dream to be good in English (speaking, writing, etc). Is it possible for me to be able to be fluent in English? I hope you will always teach and guide me.
I would be grateful too if you don’t mind responding to my comment on Practice test 1: Where to Start.
Again, so sorry and don’t laugh at my English
==========
The underlined words are my suggestions but overall it’s a great writing. For the time being, I just leave them as is, without comments, because I strongly believe that you will be able to figure out the discrepancies between yours and mine easily.
Is it possible for you to be able to be fluent in English?
Yes, it is. Your English is already excellent.
Don’t laugh at my English!
Ha ha ha….. Sorry, I laughed. It was not because of your writing but because of your modesty, one of the human being’s characters that I profoundly admire.
Haha.. Thank you for your support. it makes me shy
Yea, i have to be honest that i can’t attend an english course because of it’s high cost. 
but i never give up to learn english much more even though by autodidact.
OK, once more, can you explain about using of “THE” sentence correctly? i’m always confuse when i want to use it.
Regards.
immedio
Hi Immedio,
Your question has been discussed on Penggunaan A, AN dan THE. Please follow the provided link first, then we discuss about it afterward! Thanks